Civilization is not inimical to health and long life. In fact, the contrary is true, for as the people advance they learn to master the forces of nature and with these forces under control they are able to lead better, healthier lives, but if they become too soft and luxurious there is decay of moral and physical fiber. Civilization is favorable to long life so long as the people are moderate and live simply, but when it degenerates to sensuous softness, individual and racial deterioration ensue. Too generous supply of food, too little exercise and alcohol are some of the luxuries which are generally introduced with civilization.

Directions: Read the text and answer the multiple-choice question by selecting the correct response. Only one response is correct.

Which of the following most accurately summarizes the opinion of the author in the text?

1.                            Civilization must suffer the consequences of self-control and self-denial.

2.                            Unnecessary waste of life is the natural consequence of civilization.

3.                            People should live in comfort and health beyond what is now considered old age.

4.                            Life of opulence is neither natural nor desirable.